In South Korea, narrative content such as webtoons (digital comics) and web novels, which are serialized on digital platforms, have become very popular in recent years.
However, this success has been overshadowed by the massive deterioration of working conditions among creators, who have seen an increase in labor intensity, working hours, incidences of physical and mental health issues, along with worsening gender inequality.
The platformization of creative work, i.e., the substitution of digital platforms for traditional publishers, has resulted in the intensification of top-down control over the labor process by restructuring the industry around the rules made by dominant platforms.
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